CurriculumGrade 12Mathematics

Trig Values from Special Triangles

Aligned to F-TF.A.3 — Common Core State Standards for Mathematics.

What this lesson teaches

This is a (+) advanced standard. The 45-45-90 and 30-60-90 triangles give exact trig values: their fixed side ratios let you read sine, cosine, and tangent for pi/6, pi/4, and pi/3 without a calculator.

Worked example

In a 45-45-90 triangle the two legs are equal and the hypotenuse is √2 times a leg. So sin(pi/4) = cos(pi/4) = 1/√2 = √2/2, and tan(pi/4) = 1.

Practice questions

  1. Use the 30-60-90 triangle to find cos(pi/3).
  2. Find sin(pi/6) and tan(pi/6).
  3. Explain why tan(pi/4) = 1.

Watch the lesson

Every lesson comes with a video taught in English and Spanish — the same video the QR code in the printed workbook opens.

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En español

Valores trigonométricos con triángulos especiales

Este es un estándar avanzado (+). Los triángulos 45-45-90 y 30-60-90 dan valores trigonométricos exactos: sus razones de lados fijas permiten leer el seno, el coseno y la tangente de pi/6, pi/4 y pi/3 sin calculadora.

Ejemplo: En un triángulo 45-45-90 los dos catetos son iguales y la hipotenusa mide √2 veces un cateto. Entonces sin(pi/4) = cos(pi/4) = 1/√2 = √2/2, y tan(pi/4) = 1.

More Functions lessons

Trigonometric Functions and the Unit CircleF-TF.A.2Equivalent Forms of a FunctionF-IF.C.8Comparing Functions in Different FormsF-IF.C.9Building Functions from Two QuantitiesF-BF.A.1Transformations of Function GraphsF-BF.B.3Inverse FunctionsF-BF.B.4

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