CurriculumGrade 12Mathematics

Rational and Radical Equations

Aligned to A-REI.A.2 — Common Core State Standards for Mathematics.

What this lesson teaches

Solve rational equations by clearing denominators and radical equations by isolating the root and squaring. Because these steps can introduce false solutions, always check each answer in the original equation.

Worked example

Solve √(x + 2) = x. Squaring gives x + 2 = x^2, so x^2 − x − 2 = 0, which factors as (x − 2)(x + 1) = 0, giving x = 2 or x = −1. Checking: √4 = 2 works, but √1 = 1 ≠ −1, so x = −1 is extraneous and only x = 2 is valid.

Practice questions

  1. Solve √x = 5.
  2. Solve √(2x − 1) = 3.
  3. Solve √(x + 6) = x and identify any extraneous solution.

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Every lesson comes with a video taught in English and Spanish — the same video the QR code in the printed workbook opens.

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En español

Ecuaciones racionales y con radicales

Resuelve ecuaciones racionales eliminando denominadores y ecuaciones con radicales aislando la raíz y elevando al cuadrado. Como estos pasos pueden introducir soluciones falsas, siempre verifica cada respuesta en la ecuación original.

Ejemplo: Resuelve √(x + 2) = x. Al elevar al cuadrado se obtiene x + 2 = x^2, así que x^2 − x − 2 = 0, que se factoriza como (x − 2)(x + 1) = 0, dando x = 2 o x = −1. Al verificar: √4 = 2 funciona, pero √1 = 1 ≠ −1, así que x = −1 es extraña y solo x = 2 es válida.

More Algebra lessons

The Remainder TheoremA-APR.B.2Zeros of Polynomials and Their GraphsA-APR.B.3Proving Polynomial IdentitiesA-APR.C.4Systems of a Line and a ParabolaA-REI.C.7

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