CurriculumGrade 12Mathematics

The Remainder Theorem

Aligned to A-APR.B.2 — Common Core State Standards for Mathematics.

What this lesson teaches

For a polynomial p(x), the remainder when dividing by (x − a) equals p(a). So evaluating the polynomial at a quickly gives that remainder, and if p(a) = 0 then (x − a) is a factor.

Worked example

Let p(x) = x^2 − 5x + 6 and divide by (x − 2). Compute p(2) = 4 − 10 + 6 = 0, so the remainder is 0 and (x − 2) is a factor of p(x).

Practice questions

  1. Find the remainder when p(x) = x^2 + 3x − 4 is divided by (x − 1).
  2. Is (x + 2) a factor of p(x) = x^2 + x − 2? Use p(−2).
  3. Find p(3) for p(x) = x^3 − 2x^2 + x − 5 to get the remainder on division by (x − 3).

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Every lesson comes with a video taught in English and Spanish — the same video the QR code in the printed workbook opens.

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En español

El Teorema del Residuo

Para un polinomio p(x), el residuo al dividir entre (x − a) es igual a p(a). Así, evaluar el polinomio en a da rápidamente ese residuo, y si p(a) = 0 entonces (x − a) es un factor.

Ejemplo: Sea p(x) = x^2 − 5x + 6 y divide entre (x − 2). Calcula p(2) = 4 − 10 + 6 = 0, así que el residuo es 0 y (x − 2) es un factor de p(x).

More Algebra lessons

Zeros of Polynomials and Their GraphsA-APR.B.3Proving Polynomial IdentitiesA-APR.C.4Rational and Radical EquationsA-REI.A.2Systems of a Line and a ParabolaA-REI.C.7

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