CurriculumGrade 10Mathematics

Sine and Cosine of Complementary Angles

Aligned to G-SRT.C.7 — Common Core State Standards for Mathematics.

What this lesson teaches

In a right triangle, the two acute angles are complementary (they add to 90°). The side opposite one acute angle is adjacent to the other, so the sine of one angle equals the cosine of its complement: sin t = cos(90 - t).

Worked example

Show sin 30° = cos 60°. In a right triangle, if one acute angle is 30°, the other is 90 - 30 = 60°. The leg opposite the 30° angle is the leg adjacent to the 60° angle. So sin 30° (opposite/hyp for 30°) equals cos 60° (adjacent/hyp for 60°). Both equal 0.5.

Practice questions

  1. Rewrite sin 25° as a cosine of a complementary angle.
  2. If cos 40° = 0.766, what is sin 50°?
  3. Explain why sin t always equals cos(90 - t) in a right triangle, using the words opposite and adjacent.

Watch the lesson

Every lesson comes with a video taught in English and Spanish — the same video the QR code in the printed workbook opens.

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En español

Seno y coseno de ángulos complementarios

En un triángulo rectángulo, los dos ángulos agudos son complementarios (suman 90°). El lado opuesto a un ángulo agudo es adyacente al otro, así que el seno de un ángulo es igual al coseno de su complemento: sen t = cos(90 - t).

Ejemplo: Muestra que sen 30° = cos 60°. En un triángulo rectángulo, si un ángulo agudo es 30°, el otro es 90 - 30 = 60°. El cateto opuesto al ángulo de 30° es el cateto adyacente al ángulo de 60°. Así, sen 30° (opuesto/hip para 30°) es igual a cos 60° (adyacente/hip para 60°). Ambos valen 0.5.

More Similarity, Right Triangles & Trigonometry lessons

Properties of DilationsG-SRT.A.1Similarity TransformationsG-SRT.A.2The AA Similarity CriterionG-SRT.A.3Side-Splitter and Pythagorean ProofsG-SRT.B.4Trigonometric RatiosG-SRT.C.6Area of a Triangle with SineG-SRT.D.9

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