Curriculum › Grade 5 › Mathematics

Order of Operations and Numerical Expressions

  • Grade 5
  • Mathematics
  • 5.OA.A.1
  • Operations & Algebraic Thinking
  • ★ Enrichment

Aligned to 5.OA.A.1 — Common Core State Standards for Mathematics.

What this lesson teaches

When an expression has several operations, you do them in a set order so everyone gets the same answer: parentheses first, then multiplication and division, then addition and subtraction. Parentheses let you change which part happens first.

Worked examples

Example 1

Evaluate 2 + 3 times 4. Multiply first: 3 times 4 is 12, then add 2 to get 14. But (2 + 3) times 4 equals 5 times 4, which is 20.

Example 2

Evaluate 20 − 6 ÷ 2. Divide first: 6 ÷ 2 = 3, then 20 − 3 = 17. Not 14.

Example 3

Evaluate 3 × (8 − 2)² ÷ 9. Parentheses: 8 − 2 = 6. Exponent: 6² = 36. Then left to right: 3 × 36 = 108, and 108 ÷ 9 = 12.

Practice questions

  1. Evaluate 6 + 2 times 5.
  2. Evaluate (6 + 2) times 5.
  3. Why do parentheses change the answer?

Watch the lesson

Every lesson comes with a video taught in English and Spanish — the same video the QR code in the printed workbook opens.

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En español

Orden de operaciones y expresiones numéricas

Cuando una expresión tiene varias operaciones, las realizas en un orden establecido para que todos obtengan el mismo resultado: primero los paréntesis, luego la multiplicación y la división, y después la suma y la resta. Los paréntesis te permiten cambiar qué parte se resuelve primero.

Ejemplo 1: Evalúa 2 + 3 por 4. Primero multiplica: 3 por 4 es 12, luego suma 2 para obtener 14. Pero (2 + 3) por 4 es igual a 5 por 4, que es 20.

Ejemplo 2: Evalúa 20 − 6 ÷ 2. Primero divide: 6 ÷ 2 = 3, luego 20 − 3 = 17. No 14.

Ejemplo 3: Evalúa 3 × (8 − 2)² ÷ 9. Paréntesis: 8 − 2 = 6. Exponente: 6² = 36. Luego de izquierda a derecha: 3 × 36 = 108, y 108 ÷ 9 = 12.

More Operations & Algebraic Thinking lessons

Writing and Reading Expressions5.OA.A.2Patterns and Ordered Pairs5.OA.B.3

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