CurriculumGrade 11Mathematics

Operations with Complex Numbers

Aligned to N-CN.A.2 — Common Core State Standards for Mathematics.

What this lesson teaches

Add and subtract complex numbers by combining real parts and imaginary parts separately. Multiply by using the distributive property, then replace i^2 with −1.

Worked example

Multiply (2 + 3i)(4 − i). Distribute: 2×4 + 2×(−i) + 3i×4 + 3i×(−i) = 8 − 2i + 12i − 3i^2. Since i^2 = −1, −3i^2 = +3, giving 8 + 3 + 10i = 11 + 10i.

Practice questions

  1. Add (5 − 2i) + (−3 + 6i).
  2. Subtract (7 + i) − (4 − 3i).
  3. Multiply (1 + i)(1 − i).

Watch the lesson

Every lesson comes with a video taught in English and Spanish — the same video the QR code in the printed workbook opens.

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En español

Operaciones con Números Complejos

Suma y resta números complejos combinando por separado las partes reales y las partes imaginarias. Multiplica usando la propiedad distributiva y luego reemplaza i^2 por −1.

Ejemplo: Multiplica (2 + 3i)(4 − i). Distribuye: 2×4 + 2×(−i) + 3i×4 + 3i×(−i) = 8 − 2i + 12i − 3i^2. Como i^2 = −1, −3i^2 = +3, resultando 8 + 3 + 10i = 11 + 10i.

More Number & Quantity lessons

Meaning of Rational ExponentsN-RN.A.1Radicals and Rational ExponentsN-RN.A.2The Imaginary Unit iN-CN.A.1Quadratics with Complex SolutionsN-CN.C.7

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