CurriculumGrade 9Social Studies

Age of Exploration

Aligned to C3.D2.His.2 — C3 Framework for Social Studies State Standards.

What this lesson teaches

From the late 1400s, European powers like Portugal and Spain sailed new sea routes seeking spices, gold, and trade with Asia. Their contact with the Americas triggered the Columbian Exchange, a vast transfer of crops, animals, people, and diseases between the hemispheres.

Worked example

In 1492 Christopher Columbus, funded by Spain, reached islands in the Caribbean; European diseases like smallpox that followed killed a huge share of the Indigenous population.

Practice questions

  1. List two goods that moved from the Americas to Europe in the Columbian Exchange.
  2. Explain why disease had such a devastating effect on Indigenous peoples.
  3. Analyze how the Columbian Exchange reshaped diets and populations on both sides of the Atlantic.

Watch the lesson

Every lesson comes with a video taught in English and Spanish — the same video the QR code in the printed workbook opens.

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En español

La Era de la Exploración

Desde finales del siglo XV, potencias europeas como Portugal y España navegaron nuevas rutas marítimas en busca de especias, oro y comercio con Asia. Su contacto con América desencadenó el Intercambio Colombino, una enorme transferencia de cultivos, animales, personas y enfermedades entre los hemisferios.

Ejemplo: En 1492, Cristóbal Colón, financiado por España, llegó a unas islas del Caribe; las enfermedades europeas como la viruela que llegaron después mataron a una gran parte de la población indígena.

More History lessons

Revolutions and NationalismC3.D2.HisIndustrialization and Its Social ImpactC3.D2.HisThe Renaissance and ReformationC3.D2.His.1Scientific Revolution and EnlightenmentC3.D2.His.3Absolutism vs. Constitutional RuleC3.D2.His.4Imperialism and ColonialismC3.D2.His.5

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