CurriculumGrade 7Social Studies

Age of Exploration & the Columbian Exchange

Aligned to C3.D2.His.11 — C3 Framework for Social Studies State Standards.

What this lesson teaches

In the 1400s and 1500s, European powers like Portugal and Spain sailed in search of new trade routes to Asia, aided by tools such as the compass and the caravel. Their voyages linked the Americas, Europe, and Africa in the Columbian Exchange, a vast transfer of crops, animals, people, and diseases.

Worked example

Potatoes and maize from the Americas transformed diets in Europe and Africa, while European diseases like smallpox killed millions of Native Americans who had no immunity.

Practice questions

  1. Name two European nations that led early exploration and one navigation tool they used.
  2. Explain what the Columbian Exchange was and give one example moving in each direction.
  3. Analyze how the Columbian Exchange brought both benefits and devastating harm to different peoples.

Watch the lesson

Every lesson comes with a video taught in English and Spanish — the same video the QR code in the printed workbook opens.

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En español

La Era de la Exploración y el intercambio colombino

En los siglos XV y XVI, potencias europeas como Portugal y España navegaron en busca de nuevas rutas comerciales hacia Asia, ayudadas por instrumentos como la brújula y la carabela. Sus viajes unieron América, Europa y África en el intercambio colombino, una enorme transferencia de cultivos, animales, personas y enfermedades.

Ejemplo: La papa y el maíz de América transformaron la dieta en Europa y África, mientras que enfermedades europeas como la viruela mataron a millones de indígenas americanos que no tenían inmunidad.

More History lessons

Medieval & Early Modern CivilizationsC3.D2.HisFall of Rome & the Byzantine EmpireC3.D2.His.1Rise of Islam & the Islamic Golden AgeC3.D2.His.2Medieval West African EmpiresC3.D2.His.3Imperial China: Tang, Song & MingC3.D2.His.4Feudal Japan: Samurai & ShogunsC3.D2.His.5

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