Curriculum › Grade 11 › Mathematics

Intersections as Solutions

  • Grade 11
  • Mathematics
  • A-REI.D.11
  • Algebra
  • Free lesson

Aligned to A-REI.D.11 — Common Core State Standards for Mathematics.

What this lesson teaches

Where the graphs of y = f(x) and y = g(x) cross, the two functions share the same x and y values. That shared x-coordinate is exactly a value that makes f(x) = g(x), so intersection points are solutions of the equation.

Worked examples

Example 1

Solve f(x) = g(x) where f(x) = x + 1 and g(x) = 2x − 3. Set them equal: x + 1 = 2x − 3. Subtract x: 1 = x − 3, so x = 4. Then y = 4 + 1 = 5, meaning the graphs intersect at the point (4, 5).

Example 2

Where does f(x) = x² − 4 meet g(x) = 3x? Set them equal: x² − 4 = 3x, so x² − 3x − 4 = 0 and (x − 4)(x + 1) = 0. The solutions are x = 4 and x = −1. Substitute into either function: g(4) = 12 and g(−1) = −3, so the graphs cross at (4, 12) and (−1, −3).

Example 3

Common mistake: stopping at the x-value, or expecting exactly one. Solving f(x) = g(x) gives the x-coordinates; the question usually wants POINTS, so substitute back for y. And two curves may meet twice, never, or everywhere: x² = −1 has no real intersection because a parabola can sit entirely above a line. A graph or a check of the discriminant tells you how many to expect before you solve.

Practice questions

  1. Find where y = 3x and y = x + 4 intersect.
  2. Solve x^2 = x + 2 by setting the functions equal.
  3. Explain why an intersection point gives a solution to f(x) = g(x).

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Every lesson comes with a video taught in English and Spanish — the same video the QR code in the printed workbook opens.

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En español

Intersecciones como Soluciones

Donde las gráficas de y = f(x) y y = g(x) se cruzan, ambas funciones comparten el mismo valor de x y de y. Esa coordenada x compartida es exactamente un valor que hace f(x) = g(x), por lo que los puntos de intersección son soluciones de la ecuación.

Ejemplo 1: Resuelve f(x) = g(x) donde f(x) = x + 1 y g(x) = 2x − 3. Iguálalas: x + 1 = 2x − 3. Resta x: 1 = x − 3, así que x = 4. Luego y = 4 + 1 = 5, es decir, las gráficas se cruzan en el punto (4, 5).

Ejemplo 2: ¿Dónde se cortan f(x) = x² − 4 y g(x) = 3x? Iguálalas: x² − 4 = 3x, así que x² − 3x − 4 = 0 y (x − 4)(x + 1) = 0. Las soluciones son x = 4 y x = −1. Sustituye en cualquiera de las funciones: g(4) = 12 y g(−1) = −3, así que las gráficas se cortan en (4, 12) y (−1, −3).

Ejemplo 3: Error común: detenerse en el valor de x, o esperar uno solo. Resolver f(x) = g(x) da las abscisas; la pregunta suele pedir PUNTOS, así que sustituye de vuelta para hallar y. Y dos curvas pueden cortarse dos veces, ninguna o en todas partes: x² = −1 no tiene intersección real porque una parábola puede quedar entera por encima de una recta. Una gráfica o el discriminante te dicen cuántas esperar antes de resolver.

More Algebra lessons

Zeros and Factors of PolynomialsA-APR.B.3Rewriting Expressions (Completing the Square)A-SSE.B.3Sum of a Finite Geometric SeriesA-SSE.B.4The Remainder TheoremA-APR.B.2Proving Polynomial IdentitiesA-APR.C.4Rewriting Rational ExpressionsA-APR.D.6

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