CurriculumGrade 11Mathematics

Proving Polynomial Identities

Aligned to A-APR.C.4 — Common Core State Standards for Mathematics.

What this lesson teaches

A polynomial identity is true for every value of the variable. You prove one by expanding both sides with algebra until they match, then you can use it to simplify numerical calculations.

Worked example

Prove (a + b)(a − b) = a^2 − b^2. Expand the left side: a×a − a×b + b×a − b×b = a^2 − ab + ab − b^2 = a^2 − b^2. Use it to compute 21 × 19 = (20 + 1)(20 − 1) = 400 − 1 = 399.

Practice questions

  1. Prove (x + 1)^2 = x^2 + 2x + 1 by expanding.
  2. Use the identity a^2 − b^2 to compute 51 × 49.
  3. Verify (a + b)^3 = a^3 + 3a^2 b + 3ab^2 + b^3 for a = 1, b = 2.

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Every lesson comes with a video taught in English and Spanish — the same video the QR code in the printed workbook opens.

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En español

Demostrar Identidades Polinómicas

Una identidad polinómica es verdadera para todo valor de la variable. Se demuestra desarrollando ambos lados con álgebra hasta que coincidan, y luego se puede usar para simplificar cálculos numéricos.

Ejemplo: Demuestra (a + b)(a − b) = a^2 − b^2. Desarrolla el lado izquierdo: a×a − a×b + b×a − b×b = a^2 − ab + ab − b^2 = a^2 − b^2. Úsala para calcular 21 × 19 = (20 + 1)(20 − 1) = 400 − 1 = 399.

More Algebra lessons

Zeros and Factors of PolynomialsA-APR.B.3Rewriting Expressions (Completing the Square)A-SSE.B.3Sum of a Finite Geometric SeriesA-SSE.B.4The Remainder TheoremA-APR.B.2Rewriting Rational ExpressionsA-APR.D.6Creating Equations to Model ProblemsA-CED.A.1

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