CurriculumGrade 8Science

Modeling Molecules & Structures

Aligned to MS-PS1-1 — Next Generation Science Standards.

What this lesson teaches

Every substance is built from atoms joined in fixed patterns. A molecule model shows which atoms and how many are bonded together, while an extended structure repeats that pattern across millions of atoms.

Worked example

A water molecule model shows two hydrogen atoms bonded to one oxygen atom (H2O). Table salt is an extended structure instead — sodium and chloride ions repeat in a 3D grid, so there is no single salt molecule, just a giant lattice.

Practice questions

  1. Observe a diagram of carbon dioxide and identify how many atoms of each element it contains.
  2. Build a model of methane (CH4) with beads or drawings and label every atom.
  3. Explain why a diamond is called an extended structure rather than a molecule.

Watch the lesson

Every lesson comes with a video taught in English and Spanish — the same video the QR code in the printed workbook opens.

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En español

Modelar Moléculas y Estructuras

Toda sustancia está formada por átomos unidos en patrones fijos. El modelo de una molécula muestra cuáles átomos y cuántos están enlazados, mientras que una estructura extendida repite ese patrón a lo largo de millones de átomos.

Ejemplo: El modelo de una molécula de agua muestra dos átomos de hidrógeno enlazados a un átomo de oxígeno (H2O). La sal de mesa es en cambio una estructura extendida — los iones de sodio y cloruro se repiten en una red tridimensional, así que no existe una sola molécula de sal, sino una red gigante.

More Matter & Its Interactions lessons

Evidence of Chemical ReactionsMS-PS1-2Synthetic Materials from NatureMS-PS1-3Thermal Energy & States of MatterMS-PS1-4Designing Heating & Cooling ReactionsMS-PS1-6

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