CurriculumGrade 8Mathematics

The Pythagorean Theorem

Aligned to 8.G.B.6 — Common Core State Standards for Mathematics.

What this lesson teaches

In any right triangle, the square of the hypotenuse equals the sum of the squares of the two legs: a^2 + b^2 = c^2. The converse is also true: if a^2 + b^2 = c^2 for a triangle's sides, then it is a right triangle.

Worked example

A right triangle has legs 3 and 4, so c^2 = 3^2 + 4^2 = 9 + 16 = 25 and c = √25 = 5. To test the converse: since 3^2 + 4^2 = 5^2, a triangle with sides 3, 4, 5 must be a right triangle.

Practice questions

  1. Find the hypotenuse of a right triangle with legs 6 and 8.
  2. A right triangle has a leg of 5 and a hypotenuse of 13. Find the other leg.
  3. Is a triangle with sides 8, 15, 17 a right triangle? Justify using the converse.

Watch the lesson

Every lesson comes with a video taught in English and Spanish — the same video the QR code in the printed workbook opens.

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En español

El Teorema de Pitágoras

En todo triángulo rectángulo, el cuadrado de la hipotenusa es igual a la suma de los cuadrados de los dos catetos: a^2 + b^2 = c^2. El recíproco también es cierto: si a^2 + b^2 = c^2 para los lados de un triángulo, entonces es un triángulo rectángulo.

Ejemplo: Un triángulo rectángulo tiene catetos 3 y 4, así que c^2 = 3^2 + 4^2 = 9 + 16 = 25 y c = √25 = 5. Para probar el recíproco: como 3^2 + 4^2 = 5^2, un triángulo con lados 3, 4, 5 debe ser rectángulo.

More Geometry lessons

The Pythagorean Theorem8.G.B.7Properties of Transformations8.G.A.1Congruence Through Transformations8.G.A.2Transformations on the Coordinate Plane8.G.A.3Similarity Through Dilations8.G.A.4Angle Relationships8.G.A.5

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